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NRO.DOC
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NRO (1) CP/M Version 2.2 NRO (1)
NAME NAME
nro - text processor
SYNOPSIS SYNOPSIS
nro n n pxx v b mmfile ifile ofile nro [-n] [+n] [-pxx] [-v] [-b] [-mmfile] ifile ... [>ofile]
DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
___ NRO is a text processor and formatter based on the design
Software Tools provided in "Software Tools" by Kernighan and Plauger. The
________ text and commands found in the ifile(s) are processed to
generate formatted text. The output may be directed into a
_____ file or to the printer if ofile is present in the command
line; otherwise, the output will appear at the user
P console. Directing the output to the special filename, $P,
will cause the output to be sent to the printer.
_ _ The +n option causes the output to start with page n. The
_ _ -n option causes the output to stop after page n.
_ The -v option prints the version number to the console.
_ The -p option causes the output to be shifted to the right
__ po by xx spaces. This has the same effect as the .po command.
_ The -b option allows backspaces to appear in the output text
when underlining or overstriking. This has the same effect
bs as the .bs command with a non-zero argument.
_ _____ The -m option processes the file mfile for macro
definitions. Note that files processed in this way should
contain only macro definitions, no immediate output should
be generated from this file.
Commands typically are distinguished by a period in column
one of the input followed by a two character abbreviation
for the command funtion. The abbreviation may then be
followed by an optional numeric or character argument. The
numeric argument may be an absolute value such as setting
the right margin to a particular column, or the argument may
be preceded by a plus sign or a minus sign to indicate that
the parameter should be modified relative to a previous
setting. The following commands are recognized:
.bo - causes the following lines of text to appear in
boldface. The optional argument specifies the number
of lines to be typed in boldface. Boldface and
underlining are mutually exclusive features. The
appearance of a boldface command will cause any
underlining to cease.
.bp - causes succeeding text to appear at the top of a new
page. The optional argument specifies the page number
for the new page. The initial value is one and the
default value is one more than the previous page
number.
.br - causes succeeding text to start on a new line at the
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NRO (1) CP/M Version 2.2 NRO (1)
current left margin. There is no numeric argument for
this command.
.bs - enables or disables the appearance of backspaces in
the output text. Underlining and boldface options are
implemented by inserting character - backspace -
character combinations into the output buffer. This
is fine for devices which properly recognize the
backspace character. Some printers, however, do not
recognize backspaces, so the option is provided to
overprint one line buffer with another. The first
line buffer is terminated with just a carriage return
rather than the carriage return - linefeed
combination. A zero argument or no argument to the
backspace command removes backspaces from the output.
A non-zero argument leaves them in the output. The
default is to remove backspaces.
___ .cc - changes the NRO command character to that specified by
the character argument. If no argument is provided,
the default is a period.
.ce - causes the next line of text to appear centered on the
output. The optional argument specifies if more than
one line is to be centered.
.de - causes all text and commands following to be used to
en define a macro. The definition is terminated by a .en
command. The first two characters of the argument
de following the .de command become the name of the new
command. It should be noted that upper and lower case
arguments are considered different. Thus, the
PP pp commands .PP and .pp could define two different
macros. Care should be exercised since existing
commands may be redefined.
A macro may contain up to ten arguments. In the macro
definition, the placement of arguments is designated
by the two character sequences, $0, $1, ... $9. When
the macro is invoked, each argument of the macro
command line is substituted for its corresponding
designator in the expansion. The first argument of
the macro command is substituted for the $0 in the
expansion, the second argument for the $1, and so
forth. Arguments are typically strings which do not
contain blanks or tabs. If an argument is to contain
blanks, then it should be surrounded by either single
or double quotes.
.cu - causes the next line(s) of text to be continuously
ul underlined. Unlike the underline command (see .ul)
which underlines only alphanumerics, continuous
underlining underlines all printable characters. The
optional argument specifies the number of lines of
text to underlined. Any normal underlining or
boldface commands currently in effect will be
terminated.
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NRO (1) CP/M Version 2.2 NRO (1)
.ef - specifies the text for the footer on even numbered
pages. The format is the same as for the footer
fo command (see .fo).
.eh - specifies the text for the header on even numbered
pages. The format is the same as for the footer
fo command (see .fo).
.en - designates the end of a macro definition.
.fi - causes the input text to be rearranged or filled to
obtain the maximum word count possible between the
previously set left and right margins. No argument is
expected.
.fo - specifies text to be used for a footer. The footer
text contains three strings seperated by a delimiter
character. The first non-blank character following
the command is designated as the delimiter. The first
text string is left justified to the current
in indentation value (specified by .in). The second
string is centered between the current indentation
value and the current right margin value (specified by
rm .rm). The third string is right justified to the
current right margin value. The absence of footer
text will result in the footer being printed as one
blank line. The presence of the page number character
pc (set by .pc) in the footer text results in the current
page number being inserted at that position. Multiple
occurrances of the page number character are allowed.
.he - specifies text to be used for a header. The format is
fo the same as for the footer (see .fo).
.in - indents the left margin to the column value specified
by the argument. The default left margin is set to
zero.
.ju - causes blanks to be inserted between words in a line
of output in order to align or justify the right
margin. The default is to justify.
.ls - sets the line spacing to the value specified by the
argument. The default is for single spacing.
.m1 - specifies the number of lines in the header margin.
This is the space from the physical top of page to and
including the header text. A value of zero causes the
header to not be printed. A value of one causes the
header to appear at the physical top of page. Larger
argument values cause the appropriate number of blank
lines to appear before the header is printed.
.m2 - specifies the number of blank lines to be printed
between the header line and the first line of the
processed text.
.m3 - specifies the number of blank lines to be printed
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NRO (1) CP/M Version 2.2 NRO (1)
between the last line of processed text and the footer
line.
.m4 - specifies the number of lines in the footer margin.
m1 This command affects the footer the same way the .m1
command affects the header.
.ne - specifies a number of lines which should not be broken
across a page boundary. If the number of lines
remaining on a page is less than the value needed,
then a new output page is started.
.nf - specifies that succeeding text should be printed
without rearrangement, or with no fill. No argument
is expected.
.nj - specifies that no attempt should be made to align or
justify the right margin. No argument is expected.
.nr - causes the value of a number register to be set or
modified. A total of twenty-six number registers are
available designated @na through @nz (either upper or
lower case is allowed). When the sequence @nc is
imbedded in the text, the current value of number
register c replaces the sequence, thus, such things as
paragraph numbering can be accomplished with relative
ease.
.of - specifies the text for the footer on odd numbered
pages. The format is the same as the footer command
fo (see .fo).
.oh - specifies the text for the header on odd numbered
pages. The format is the same as the footer command
fo (see .fo).
.pc - specifies the page number character to be used in
headers and footers. The occurrance of this character
in the header or footer text results in the current
page number being printed. The default for this
character is the hash mark (#).
.pl - specifies the page lenght or the number of lines per
output page. The default is sixty-six.
.po - specifies a page offset value. This allows the
formatted text to be shifted to the right by the
number of spaces specified. This feature may also be
invoked by a switch on the command line.
.rm - sets the column value for the right margin. The
default is eighty.
.so - causes input to be retrieved from the file specified
by the command's character string argument. The
contents of the new file are inserted into the output
stream until an EOF is detected. Processing of the
original file is then resumed. Command nesting is
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NRO (1) CP/M Version 2.2 NRO (1)
allowed.
.sp - specifies a number of blank lines to be output before
printing the next line of text.
.ti - temporarily alters the indentation or left margin
value for a single succeeding line of text.
.ul - underlines the alphanumeric text in the following
line(s). The optional argument specifies the number
of lines to be underlined. Underlining and boldface
are mutually exclusive features. The appearance of an
underline command cancels any existing boldface
operations.
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stream until an EOF is d
